Sharam Kohan

Sharam Kohan

Requirements for Strategic Planning and Management

Several strategic-planning processes begin with the extension of the annual operating budget into a typical five-year projection. This can be a valuable exercise, particularly for organizations that have operated on a yearly or even monthly planning cycle. Most organizations soon discover…

The FAA Modernization and Reform Act (2012)

Congress took these actions in 2012 to amend the Railway Labor Act to change union certification election processes in the railroad and airline industries and impose greater oversight of the regulatory activities of the National Mediation Board (NMB). This law…

How are Labor Union Organizations Structured?

Labor unions can be divided into three levels: Local Unions National or Internation unions. The business representative performs a critical role in contract negotiations, grievance proceedings, and managing union headquarters. The union steward represents member interests and relations with a…

What is attrition?

Attrition or restrictive hiring is the act of reducing the workforce by not replacing individuals who leave an organization. Only essential positions are filled. Attrition is used to avoid layoffs. A hard freeze means that all open positions will remain…